This is a 3-part question. Please reply to two class mates below and answer the reflection question.
(2) Sarah n
TuesdayNov 9 at 12:14pm
Manage Discussion Entry
Hello Dr. Chapman and Class,
Physical activity, when performed on a regular basis, promotes well-being and aids in the prevention of numerous health problems. In adolescents, physical activity plays a critical role in growth and development, while also promoting a positive transition in becoming healthier adults. Global research and data have identified astounding levels of physical inactivity among adolescents, compromising their current and future health outcomes.
The article by Guthold, Stevens, Riley, and Bull (2020) sought to identify the prevalence of insufficient physical activity in adolescents, ages 11 to 17, with the goal to improve population health. Recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) state that adolescents should engage in 60 minutes of physical activity daily, of moderate to vigorous intensity. As this recommendation is not being met, the WHO endorsed a global action plan on physical activity, with a target of 15% reduction in physical inactivity among adolescents by 2030 (Guthhold, Stevens, Riley, & Bull, 2020).
Guthold and colleagues (2020, p. 24) completed a pooled analysis of pre-existing survey data, including the following criteria; cross-sectional survey data from the adolescent population, data collected through random sampling with a sample size of at least 100 adolescent individuals, and overall prevalence of physical inactivity in adolescents, for at least three years, as defined by not meeting the WHO recommendations. Data was obtained through WHO surveys and multi-country surveys, and as survey data was found to be incomparable at times, linear regression modeling techniques were used to improve comparability. Guthold and colleagues (2020) included 146 countries, from 2001 to 2016, and incorporated sex, income, and rural versus urban prevalence.
To conduct their study, Guthold and colleagues (2020) reviewed 298 school-based surveys from the included 146 countries, representing 1.6 million adolescents, asking respondents to report how many days in the week they were engaged in 60 minutes of physical activity. Results of the study showed that four in five adolescents, ages 11 to 17, were insufficiently physically active in the year 2016 (Guthold, 2020, p. 26). From 2001 to 2016, results identified a significant decrease in physical activity, with girls showing less active than boys. Interestingly, no clear pattern in physical inactivity prevalence was observed based on income (low, middle, high income groups). Shockingly, 80% of adolescents did not meet physical activity recommendations in 2016, meaning the target reduction would not be met by 2030. Based on results and physical inactivity prevalence, Guthold and colleagues (2020) recommend a starting point of social media campaigns and school-based intervention to increase adolescents’ engagement in physical activity.
One limitation identified in the research by Guthold and colleagues (2020) is that only school-aged adolescents were included in their analysis, which does not truly represent the entire population. Additionally, global and regional data was not consistently available for every country every year, which can cause skewed results. One strength of the study, by Guthold and colleagues (2020), is that all countries that participated did commit to implementing action plans and interventions to increase physical activity in adolescents.
These worrying findings of adolescent inactivity is a great concern, and align directly with the PICOT question created in the previous discussions. Modern life, especially with technological advances and increased screen time, pose a barrier to overcoming teenage sedentary behaviors. It is vital that physical inactivity is effectively addressed and includes multiple stakeholders, such as parents, health care providers, educators, communities, and even government leaders. It should be a collaborative effort, providing adolescents the education and experiences to see and feel the benefits of daily physical activity, from improved physical health to reduction in depression and anxiety. In future practice as a family nurse practitioner (FNP), it will be necessary to address physical inactivity in adolescent patients, provide age-appropriate education and encouragement, and identify realistic and attainable opportunities to meet exercise recommendations.
Sarah Jorgensen
References:
Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L.M., & Bull, F.C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: A pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1.6 million participants. The Lancet: Child & Adolescent Health, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2 (Links to an external site.)
NR505NP Week 3 Article.pdf Download NR505NP Week 3 Article.pdf
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(1) Amanda r
TuesdayNov 9 at 8:59pm
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o Description of the purpose
The article I chose to do my Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Appendix E review on was entitled A systematic review and meta-analysis of obesity and COVID-19 outcomes. The purpose of the article is to compare and contrast the severity of COVID-19 symptoms in obese versus non-obese patients and the risk of death.
o Explanation of research design/Discussion of Sample
The article used a meta-analysis review of scientific articles from PubMed and Google Scholar and 12 additional articles based on their sources. The total number of articles initially was 584. They further analyzed these articles for specific COVID-19 data on obese patients and BMI data, of these 584 articles only 22 were included in this meta-analysis. The sample size from the 22 studies was 30,141 and was from 7 countries.
o Description of data collection methods
They utilized a thorough review and made a table to identify pertinent study characteristics. They then further develop data based on these characteristics, utilized statistics such as confidence intervals and odds ratios to interpret their data.
o Summary of findings
They found that obese who contract COVID-19 are 1.7x more likely to be hospitalized and require assisted invasive mechanical ventilation, 1.3x more likely to be admitted to the ICU, and 3x more likely to be admitted to the hospital than non-obese patients. However, despite obesity correlating to statistically having more severe symptoms and more hospitalization, there was no correlation to an increased risk of death.
o Strength of the study
One strength of this study is that they tried to be as specific as possible for identifying sources for their meta-analysis. As noted in the paper, there were over 500 articles found, but only 22 of those were used. Furthermore, oftentimes there were different parameters for obesity, which they did consider in their data.
o Limitation of the study
One major limitation of the study is the COVID-19 vaccine. As the study does not mention if any individuals had the vaccine, and if all data was truly collected before anyone had the vaccine, how does the vaccine affect the numbers now? Furthermore, another limitation is of those hospitalized, is questioning if they were followed throughout their stay until discharge, afterward, and for the potential of worsening symptoms and re-admission. I personally have seen COVID-19 patients decline in-front of my eyes from requiring nasal canula, BiPap, and then intubation. Thus, I question if the hospitalized numbers were adjusted if the patient declined. Lastly, I have seen patients be discharged and re-admitted a few days later with worsening symptoms as the disease progressed. Again, I question if the numbers were adjusted for ICU status and invasive mechanical ventilation.
o Recommendations regarding potential application for future practice that are insightful and appropriate.
My recommendations are related to my PICOT question:
In adults (25-60 year sold) what is the effect of physical activity in comparison to inactivity with obesity and the risk factors associated with a more severe form of COVID-19 to be completed over one year?
Given the findings of this study in particular the evidence-based practice change that I would like to propose is an increase in physical activity for early prevention for COVID-19. Physical activity can start with a mere increase in a few steps, arm circles, and/or leg raises.
Reference
Zhang, Lewis, A. M., Moley, J. R., & Brestoff, J. R. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of obesity and COVID-19 outcomes. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 7193–7193. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86694-1
A systematic review and meta-analysis of obesity and COVID-19 outcomes.pdf
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(2) Week 3: Reflection on Learning
44 unread replies.44 replies.
Purpose
The purpose of this assignment is to provide the student an opportunity to reflect on the weekly concepts learned in the course.
Activity Learning Outcomes
Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the ability to:
CO1: Integrate evidence-based and research to support advancement of holistic nursing care in diverse healthcare settings. (PO 1,4)
CO2: Integrate knowledge related to evidence-based practice and person-centered care to improve health outcome. (PO 1, 2)
CO3: Demonstrate professional and personal growth through a spirit of inquiry, scholarship, and service in diverse healthcare settings. (PO 3, 4)
CO4: Develop knowledge related to research and evidence-based practice as a basis for designing and critiquing research studies. (PO 1, 5)
CO5: Analyze research findings and evidence-based practice to advance holistic care initiatives that promote positive healthcare outcomes. (PO 1, 2, 5)
.
This assignment will follow the late assignment policy specified in the course syllabus.
Total Points Possible: 5
Requirements:
• Reflection: write 1-2 paragraphs reflecting on your learning for the week. Guiding questions are provided or you may write about what you felt was most significant to you for the week.
You will need to post your reflection here before you are able to see other students’ posts.
• How hard was it to find a quantitative article related to your area of interest?
• Did you have any difficulty determining whether the articles you reviewed were quantitative?
• Is the quantitative approach appropriate for your area of interest? Would you be able to replicate the study you found?
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