by admin | May 22, 2022 | Environmental Issues
For
the re-sit of this module, you are required to produce an essay that critically
compares and discusses three published peer reviewed social science journal
articles on the topic of climate change adaptation to flooding. For that, you need to:
·
Select three peer reviewed
journal articles from the social sciences literature on climate change adaptation to flooding (within that
broad topic you can focus on a particular angle or more specific topic). You
can select some of the papers from the reading list on adaptation to flooding
that was provided to you as part of the module, but they have to be different
from the three compulsory readings that we used in Unit 3 (i.e. Pielke et al.
2007; IPCC, 2007 and Porter et al. 2014). You should also select at least one
paper that is not on that reading list. The papers that you select must contain empirical work based
on qualitative and quantitative social
science methods of data collection and data analysis. This means you cannot
select papers that are purely conceptual or theoretical in nature, or review
papers. Qualitative and quantitative research can be dealt with in separate
papers, i.e. they do not need to be combined in the same paper(s) (but if they are,
that is fine too).
·
Introduce the topic you are
focusing on with references to the broader literature (i.e. beyond the
three papers that you have selected).
·
Critically compare and
discuss the three papers that you have selected, comparing the qualitative and quantitative research approach,
design and methods applied in the three papers, as well as the results and how
they complement and/or contradict each other. Here we recommend that you refer
to literature on qualitative and
quantitative social science research methods.
·
Conclude your essay with a
suggestion on which research approach and methods could be applied to build on
the knowledge addressed in the papers you have reviewed. For this conclusion
section, you can also bring in references to additional literature beyond the
three selected papers.
Please, note that:
Your
essay should be 3,000 words excluding references (standard School penalties
apply for excess of word limit, i.e. there is no allowance for going
over the word limit). You must state the
word-count in the document of the essay (e.g. on the first page of the
essay), 2 points will be deducted from the mark if the word count is not stated
in the essay.
You must use Harvard
Referencing Style http://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-referencing
by admin | May 22, 2022 | Environmental Issues
Instructions for each essay will be listed here. 3 pages per essay with 2 sources each.
Essay 1:
Part I: A Closer Look at the Evidence
For the first part of this assignment, answer these questions using the NASA website:
Describe the graph on the NASA website. What does it show us about the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere? According to the following site (the United Kingdom’s National Meteorological Service), what recent event contributed to the rising carbon dioxide levels? Met Office
The supporting data on climate change are grouped into different categories on the NASA website. How are these groups labeled? Is there agreement on these categories between the NASA website and the UK website (Met Office). If not, how do they differ?
Select the “Effects” tab at the top of this web page: https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/. Summarize the effects of climate change listed here in one paragraph. Be sure to address the effect of climate change on our weather and water resources.
Part II: How Can Economic Growth Become Part of the Solution?
Read the following article then answer the questions below:
Saltre, F. & Bradshaw, C. (2019). Are We Really in a 6th Mass Extinction? Here’s the Science. Science Alert. https://www.sciencealert.com/here-s-how-biodiversity-experts-recognise-that-we-re-midst-a-mass-extinction
Now answer the following questions regarding economic growth and climate change discussed in this article in paragraph format.
How does economic growth negatively impact other species?
What is described as the principal threat to biodiversity as the global economy and human population grows?
Is economic growth necessarily bad for our planet? What points suggest that economic growth can benefit biodiversity?
Conclude your summary by drawing connections between economic growth, climate change, habitat loss, and biodiversity.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Part I: A Closer Look at the Evidence/Recent Events.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-point type, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (e.g., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
Mass extinctions are periods in Earth’s history when abnormally large numbers of species die out simultaneously or within a limited time frame. The Cretaceous-Tertiary (or K-T) extinction event is probably the best known to many people because it wiped out the dinosaurs, but many other mass extinction events have occurred throughout the history of the Earth. Some of these mass extinction events are even more devastating than K-T. The most severe occurred at the end of the Permian period when approximately 96% of all species disappeared. Many smaller-scale mass extinctions of plants and animals have occurred as recorded in the fossil records. Discover more about Earth’s major extinction events below in the following Case Assignment.
Case Assignment
STOP! Before you proceed, make sure that you have read the Home page for this module and followed the links provided there. This assignment requires information from those resources.
Essay 2:
Case Part I: Geologic History of Earth
The first part of this assignment requires that you consider the history of extinction on our planet.
From the Sam Noble Museum, answer the following questions:
How many major mass extinction periods are listed here? Follow the links from that page to learn more about each period. What caused each, and which major groups of species disappeared from each period?
Conduct a library or web search and find two examples of an extinct species (can be plant, animal, insect). Explain when each species became extinct and the suspected reason(s) that led to the extinction.
Case Part II: Global Climate Change
Scientists have concerns that human activities are changing our environment at rapid rates that could result in a sixth mass extinction. Let’s examine the evidence:
Review the “Recent, Past and Present” section from Mass Extinctions.
Also review the following link from the NASA website: https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/
Define greenhouse effect. Describe which gases are important to the greenhouse effect.
What were listed as human activities related to greenhouse gas production from each link?
How do humans contribute to both climate change and major extinction events?
Some scientists think that human activities may be contributing to a sixth mass extinction event. What specific evidence do they site for this possible event? (you may need to conduct additional research to support your findings).
Part III: Drawing Conclusions
Now provide a summary that explains what conclusions you can make for yourself based on the evidence provided and what you now know about the geologic time scale of the history of the Earth.
As we begin to consider some parallels between the business world and the natural world, we can identify some very similar patterns in extinction, adaptation, and supply and demand in both. For example, an organism faces many challenges as it attempts to survive in the natural world, just as a business will struggle to succeed in the marketplace. When resources in the environment are limited, like consumers in the marketplace, organisms and businesses will compete. Those that can maximize their efficiency at production will succeed over those that cannot. Let’s look at how the principles of economics determine the role that these costs play in the success of species in the wild and a business in the marketplace.
Essay 3:
Case Assignment
Part I
In Module 1 you were first introduced to communities. Organisms within communities interact primarily through the following ways: competition, predation, and symbiosis. Read about the unusual relationship documented between Ethiopian wolves and Gelada monkeys at the website below or read about the symbiotic relationship between badgers and coyotes. Chose only one of the articles below to answer Part I using the following questions:
Luntz, S. (2015). Symbiotic partnership between monkeys and wolves discovered. Accessed on IFL Science on August 16, 2016, at http://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkey-wolf-symbiosis/
or
Haemig, P. D. (2012). Badger-coyote associations. Ecology. Info 11. Retrieved from http://www.ecology.info/badger-coyote.htm
What type of relationship is found between the Gelada monkeys and Ethiopian wolves or badgers and coyotes?
What are the short-term and long-term benefits for each species you read about in the article you selected?
What are some of the costs for each of the species as a result of their mutual relationship?
Do you think their relationship could change if resources became scarce? Why or why not?
Part II
Now consider the benefits and costs to businesses in the marketplace: Choose one of the following businesses that are now extinct: Circuit City, Pan Am, or Tower Records. Address the following questions in Part II of your assignment:
What were some of the long-run costs associated with operating the business?
Who were their competitors?
What were the factors that contributed to the decision to shut down the business?
Do you think your chosen company could have been successful by adopting a mutually beneficial partnership, similar to organisms in the wild? Why or why not?
Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Part I: Symbiotic Relationship Between Coyotes and Badgers.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-point type, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (e.g., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
by admin | May 22, 2022 | Environmental Issues
Reading responses must discuss the current week’s readings. They are not a summary of the texts, but rather a chance to be analytical by bringing the authors into conversation with one another, raising critical questions, connecting the readings to your lifeworld, and exploring thoughts and ideas that arise from the subject matter. These may be 1 to 2-page (12-point font, double-spaced) word/PDF documents or other creative formats with an equivalent amount of written or spoken text (e.g., a detailed mind map, blog, video, zine).
This week’s readings:
1. Campbell_GreenCities
2.Agyeman_ExploringtheNexus
3.Rittel_PlanningProblemsareWicked
4.Campbell_PlannersTriangle
5.Wheeler_PlanningForSustainability_SustainableDevelopment
6.Chapple_LandscapeRegionalSustainabilityPlanning
by admin | May 22, 2022 | Environmental Issues
Instructions for each essay will be listed here. 3 pages per essay with 2 sources each.
Essay 1:
Part I: A Closer Look at the Evidence
For the first part of this assignment, answer these questions using the NASA website:
Describe the graph on the NASA website. What does it show us about the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere? According to the following site (the United Kingdom’s National Meteorological Service), what recent event contributed to the rising carbon dioxide levels? Met Office
The supporting data on climate change are grouped into different categories on the NASA website. How are these groups labeled? Is there agreement on these categories between the NASA website and the UK website (Met Office). If not, how do they differ?
Select the “Effects” tab at the top of this web page: https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/. Summarize the effects of climate change listed here in one paragraph. Be sure to address the effect of climate change on our weather and water resources.
Part II: How Can Economic Growth Become Part of the Solution?
Read the following article then answer the questions below:
Saltre, F. & Bradshaw, C. (2019). Are We Really in a 6th Mass Extinction? Here’s the Science. Science Alert. https://www.sciencealert.com/here-s-how-biodiversity-experts-recognise-that-we-re-midst-a-mass-extinction
Now answer the following questions regarding economic growth and climate change discussed in this article in paragraph format.
How does economic growth negatively impact other species?
What is described as the principal threat to biodiversity as the global economy and human population grows?
Is economic growth necessarily bad for our planet? What points suggest that economic growth can benefit biodiversity?
Conclude your summary by drawing connections between economic growth, climate change, habitat loss, and biodiversity.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Part I: A Closer Look at the Evidence/Recent Events.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-point type, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (e.g., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
Mass extinctions are periods in Earth’s history when abnormally large numbers of species die out simultaneously or within a limited time frame. The Cretaceous-Tertiary (or K-T) extinction event is probably the best known to many people because it wiped out the dinosaurs, but many other mass extinction events have occurred throughout the history of the Earth. Some of these mass extinction events are even more devastating than K-T. The most severe occurred at the end of the Permian period when approximately 96% of all species disappeared. Many smaller-scale mass extinctions of plants and animals have occurred as recorded in the fossil records. Discover more about Earth’s major extinction events below in the following Case Assignment.
Case Assignment
STOP! Before you proceed, make sure that you have read the Home page for this module and followed the links provided there. This assignment requires information from those resources.
Essay 2:
Case Part I: Geologic History of Earth
The first part of this assignment requires that you consider the history of extinction on our planet.
From the Sam Noble Museum, answer the following questions:
How many major mass extinction periods are listed here? Follow the links from that page to learn more about each period. What caused each, and which major groups of species disappeared from each period?
Conduct a library or web search and find two examples of an extinct species (can be plant, animal, insect). Explain when each species became extinct and the suspected reason(s) that led to the extinction.
Case Part II: Global Climate Change
Scientists have concerns that human activities are changing our environment at rapid rates that could result in a sixth mass extinction. Let’s examine the evidence:
Review the “Recent, Past and Present” section from Mass Extinctions.
Also review the following link from the NASA website: https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/
Define greenhouse effect. Describe which gases are important to the greenhouse effect.
What were listed as human activities related to greenhouse gas production from each link?
How do humans contribute to both climate change and major extinction events?
Some scientists think that human activities may be contributing to a sixth mass extinction event. What specific evidence do they site for this possible event? (you may need to conduct additional research to support your findings).
Part III: Drawing Conclusions
Now provide a summary that explains what conclusions you can make for yourself based on the evidence provided and what you now know about the geologic time scale of the history of the Earth.
As we begin to consider some parallels between the business world and the natural world, we can identify some very similar patterns in extinction, adaptation, and supply and demand in both. For example, an organism faces many challenges as it attempts to survive in the natural world, just as a business will struggle to succeed in the marketplace. When resources in the environment are limited, like consumers in the marketplace, organisms and businesses will compete. Those that can maximize their efficiency at production will succeed over those that cannot. Let’s look at how the principles of economics determine the role that these costs play in the success of species in the wild and a business in the marketplace.
Essay 3:
Case Assignment
Part I
In Module 1 you were first introduced to communities. Organisms within communities interact primarily through the following ways: competition, predation, and symbiosis. Read about the unusual relationship documented between Ethiopian wolves and Gelada monkeys at the website below or read about the symbiotic relationship between badgers and coyotes. Chose only one of the articles below to answer Part I using the following questions:
Luntz, S. (2015). Symbiotic partnership between monkeys and wolves discovered. Accessed on IFL Science on August 16, 2016, at http://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/monkey-wolf-symbiosis/
or
Haemig, P. D. (2012). Badger-coyote associations. Ecology. Info 11. Retrieved from http://www.ecology.info/badger-coyote.htm
What type of relationship is found between the Gelada monkeys and Ethiopian wolves or badgers and coyotes?
What are the short-term and long-term benefits for each species you read about in the article you selected?
What are some of the costs for each of the species as a result of their mutual relationship?
Do you think their relationship could change if resources became scarce? Why or why not?
Part II
Now consider the benefits and costs to businesses in the marketplace: Choose one of the following businesses that are now extinct: Circuit City, Pan Am, or Tower Records. Address the following questions in Part II of your assignment:
What were some of the long-run costs associated with operating the business?
Who were their competitors?
What were the factors that contributed to the decision to shut down the business?
Do you think your chosen company could have been successful by adopting a mutually beneficial partnership, similar to organisms in the wild? Why or why not?
Assignment Expectations
Organize this essay assignment using subtitles that summarize the topic from each question above. For example, to answer Question 1, use a descriptive subtitle like the following: Part I: Symbiotic Relationship Between Coyotes and Badgers.
Answer each question under the subtitle using complete sentences that relate back to the question. Be sure to use APA formatting throughout your essay with 1-inch margins, 12-point type, and double spacing throughout. Include a title page, introduction, answers to the questions with subtitles, and concluding paragraph. Remember to include in-text citations within the body of the essay referencing your resources (e.g., Murray, 2014). Also, be sure to include a reference section at the end of your assignment listing all required readings and any additional resources you used to complete your essay. See the Trident guide to APA Style, 7th edition.
by admin | May 22, 2022 | Environmental Issues
Reading responses must discuss the current week’s readings. They are not a summary of the texts, but rather a chance to be analytical by bringing the authors into conversation with one another, raising critical questions, connecting the readings to your lifeworld, and exploring thoughts and ideas that arise from the subject matter. These may be 1 to 2-page (12-point font, double-spaced) word/PDF documents or other creative formats with an equivalent amount of written or spoken text (e.g., a detailed mind map, blog, video, zine).
This week’s readings:
1. Campbell_GreenCities
2.Agyeman_ExploringtheNexus
3.Rittel_PlanningProblemsareWicked
4.Campbell_PlannersTriangle
5.Wheeler_PlanningForSustainability_SustainableDevelopment
6.Chapple_LandscapeRegionalSustainabilityPlanning
by admin | May 21, 2022 | Environmental Issues
Answer ONLY 1 of the following questions: Compare and contrast the philosophies of John Muir and Gifford Pinchot. Discuss the role of humans in regulating carrying capacity for the human species and in altering the carrying capacity for other species. List the three major trophic categories in a food web. What types of organisms are found in each level? At what levels are the autotrophs and heterotrophs found? Discuss the significance of each level for the integral functioning of the food web.
