by admin | Oct 22, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
We have to answer both questions (825 words each) using the documents provided. Two citations should be fine. No outside research.
Question 1 (Unit 1, transcript 1 and 2 pdf): In unit 1 we focussed on the real-world conditions that determine how we conduct IREM. This was summarised as turbulence.
In this essay, I want you to explain how turbulence defines IREM actions:
Begin by defining what turbulence is.
Then present Mitchell’s 4-C’s and connect these to Trist and Christensen.
Finally, what are implications of increased turbulence on IREM planning and praxis?
Question 2 (Unit 2 pdf): The nature of justice is complex and particularly so when considering both social and environmental justice within the context of IREM. In this essay, I want you to discuss the dimensions of justice as these apply to IREM.
Begin by defining the role of justice in decision-making and the four types of justice.
Then outline who/what should be considered when considering questions of justice.
Finally, how does or should environmental justice influence IREM decisions and actions?
by admin | Oct 21, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
This project is an Academic Poster in which you discuss both the broad topic of ecological connectivity and then present recommendations about how to maintain connectivity in the study location. **This requires GIS practical knowledge to complete. In the task, you will present the findings of the GIS investigation in a poster that investigates the potential for ecological connectivity in the landscape. The attached files below give additional information on the assessment. cheers
by admin | Oct 13, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
Instruction: I need a 1 page Abstract on the the reason and causes of inequities through Pa school districts.
Solutions: to address the issues of unstable tax revenue from the wealthy area and allow all school district to afford the same right and educations.
* you can add to a for solid reasoning and stronger foundation if you think it needs it.
You can pull from other sources for any information needed , but please stick to the Pennsylvania school districts.
Link:
Education Funding in Pennsylvania: Inadequate, Inequitable …https://www.elc-pa.org › uploads › 2021/05 › PA
link to information:https://krc-pbpc.org/research_publication/the-state-of-school-funding-inequality-in-pa/
Waslala Miranda | 04/03/2015
Blog / The Education Trust, an independent national education policy organization, recently released a report on the nation’s growing funding inequalities between wealthy and low-income school districts. The study reveals that Pennsylvania has the second-worst funding gap among states. When adjusted for the higher needs of low-income students, Pennsylvania’s highest poverty school districts receive 17% less per student than the districts with the lowest poverty.
To understand this statistic, we need to look at how state and local funding of schools works in Pennsylvania. Currently, the commonwealth has no funding formula that distributes money based on the needs of a school district or its students. At 38%, the state share of funding puts us in the bottom 10 of states nationally. This is part of a long-term trend of the state paying a smaller and smaller share, leaving local communities to fund the balance. As local wealth greatly varies across the state, so does the chance that a child will receive an adequate education, which is a basic right.
Below we can see the result: Instead of having a system that matches funding with need, we have one in which the poorer a school district is, the less funding it receives. Adjusting for the higher needs of low-income students, the poorest school districts receive almost $2,500 less per student than the wealthiest districts.
The Education Trust analysis
This is a problem that affects the whole state when you realize how common student poverty is. In 2013-14, nearly half of all public school children in Pennsylvania, 44%, qualified for free- or reduced-price lunch, an indicator of student poverty. Half of all school districts had student poverty rates of 40% or higher. These funding inequalities affect the core mission of public education: to promote academic achievement and an engaged citizenry. Pennsylvania needs to return to a funding formula that gives every child a realistic chance to succeed in school and life.
by admin | Oct 13, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
Instruction: I need a 1 page Abstract on the the reason and causes of inequities through Pa school districts.
Solutions: to address the issues of unstable tax revenue from the wealthy area and allow all school district to afford the same right and educations.
* you can add to a for solid reasoning and stronger foundation if you think it needs it.
You can pull from other sources for any information needed , but please stick to the Pennsylvania school districts.
Link:
Education Funding in Pennsylvania: Inadequate, Inequitable …https://www.elc-pa.org › uploads › 2021/05 › PA
link to information:https://krc-pbpc.org/research_publication/the-state-of-school-funding-inequality-in-pa/
Waslala Miranda | 04/03/2015
Blog / The Education Trust, an independent national education policy organization, recently released a report on the nation’s growing funding inequalities between wealthy and low-income school districts. The study reveals that Pennsylvania has the second-worst funding gap among states. When adjusted for the higher needs of low-income students, Pennsylvania’s highest poverty school districts receive 17% less per student than the districts with the lowest poverty.
To understand this statistic, we need to look at how state and local funding of schools works in Pennsylvania. Currently, the commonwealth has no funding formula that distributes money based on the needs of a school district or its students. At 38%, the state share of funding puts us in the bottom 10 of states nationally. This is part of a long-term trend of the state paying a smaller and smaller share, leaving local communities to fund the balance. As local wealth greatly varies across the state, so does the chance that a child will receive an adequate education, which is a basic right.
Below we can see the result: Instead of having a system that matches funding with need, we have one in which the poorer a school district is, the less funding it receives. Adjusting for the higher needs of low-income students, the poorest school districts receive almost $2,500 less per student than the wealthiest districts.
The Education Trust analysis
This is a problem that affects the whole state when you realize how common student poverty is. In 2013-14, nearly half of all public school children in Pennsylvania, 44%, qualified for free- or reduced-price lunch, an indicator of student poverty. Half of all school districts had student poverty rates of 40% or higher. These funding inequalities affect the core mission of public education: to promote academic achievement and an engaged citizenry. Pennsylvania needs to return to a funding formula that gives every child a realistic chance to succeed in school and life.
by admin | Oct 12, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
Describe the map “future residential planning area of Chicago” in website:
An Open Letter To Chicago
Answer each question;
* Is it a reference, analytical, and/or thematic map? More importantly: how do you know?
* This is a thematic map. A thematic map shows the spatial distribution of one or more specific data themes for selected geographic areas.
* This map has a very specific theme which is to map out the friendship connections through FACEBOOK over the world.
* Who is its intended audience or to whom is it speaking? How do you know this? Is it implicit and/or explicit in the design of the map? Be specific.
* How do the scale, framing, extents, geographic context, and/or projection of the map contribute to its purpose, legibility, argument, and/or effectiveness?
* Does the map display quantitative or qualitative information? If quantitative, consider whether and how the data is classified. If qualitative, consider whether and how the data is categorized. Is the reasoning behind these choices clear to the reader? Is the map designed to be read as authoritative, interpreted, experiential, generalizable, activist, …? And how, from the graphic language and cartographic techniques used, can you tell?
* What other information is present (titles, descriptive text, infographics, data sources)? How do these contribute to communicating the overall narrative argument or purpose of the map?
by admin | Oct 6, 2022 | Urban and Environmental Planning
Assignment Content: Literature Review / Summary of Substantive Issues in Project Domain
The third written assignment for the term, which constitutes the third project milestone, asks students to provide a first
draft of the literature review/background statement that will comprise an important section of your final project report.
For any reporting document, whether it be based on a program evaluation, on policy research or an analysis of policy
alternatives, or documentation explicating the nature of an applied work activity (e.g. an explanation of how an incident
annex was created), identifying and explaining the context of the policy or program or operational setting is
fundamentally important to explaining the nature of the work undertaken. In other words, one key aspect of the final
project report is to demonstrate knowledge of the substantive field in which the project work is situated—by explaining
that to the reader of the final report.
There are two different ways this context is communicated: either through a formal literature review or through a
detailed background statement. Chapter 4 of the Eller, et al. text provides a thorough discussion of conducting
preliminary research, including collecting background information and writing a literature review. Sometimes students
are not entirely familiar with the idea of a literature review. It is fairly straightforward, with the Eller, et al. text defining
it as “a reasonably comprehensive survey of previous research studies related to a specific research topic area.” The
text goes on to explain further that the needs of the audience shape the nature of the literature review.
For some projects, especially those that are geared toward a very specific applied work product, such as designing an
exercise, or evaluating an organizational process, or creating a planning document, the literature review might more
appropriately described as a background statement. This is a subtle distinction: a literature review is oriented toward
writing up an account that summarizes prior research on a topic, while a background statement is geared toward
explaining a policy and/or operational context for an organization’s actions. However, both of these require careful
citation of relevant public documents, policy statements and reviews (e.g. by entities such as the Government
Accountability Office or various think tanks), or academic research studies that explain and set the context for the
reader. This is essential to allowing the reader of the final report to understand why the work was done, how it fits into
our understanding of the subject area, and how the work product (applied product or policy analysis) has an impact in
practice or in understanding a question of public importance.
As a result, this project milestone is a key early step in producing one key element of the final report’s content.
