lab simulation
https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/forces-and-motion-basics
1 An object is moving with constant velocity (zero acceleration) on a frictionless surface, following a straight path. Due the effect of the Law of Inertia this object will:
a. Stay at rest.
b. Slow down and eventually stop.
c. Stay moving at constant velocity along the straight path.
d. Change its trajectory to a circular path
Explain your selection.
2According Second Newton’s Law F = m ×” class=”Wirisformula” role=”math” alt=”cross times” style=”-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 23px; display: inline; vertical-align: -7px; line-height: inherit; max-height: 31.25rem; width: 16px;”> a. If you double the acceleration, the force is
multiplied by a factor of 2
multiplied by a factor of 1/2
multiplied by a factor of 4
the same that before doubling the acceleration
Open the simulation “Forces and Motion”
Click on “Net Force
Check the boxes: Sum of Forces, Values and Speed
There are 4 rope’s pullers with different size. The size of each of the rope’s pullers, correspond to a different magnitude of the applied force, such that:
Apply a 200 N force to the left rope, and 150 N to the right rope.
a. What is the magnitude and direction of the Resultant Force?
b. If the mass of the car is 200 kgs. What is its acceleration due to the Resultant Force? (Show your calculation)
Question 4
10 Points
Based on question 3
Click on “Go”.
a. In what direction is the car moving?
b. Is there any correspondence between the direction of the motion and the direction of the resultant force?
Question 5
10 Points
Based on question 4:
Observe the speedometer on the car while the car is moving. The velocity is increasing. This behavior of the velocity is because we are in front of a problem of:
a. Uniform Motion.
b. Motion with uniform acceleration
c. Motion with variable acceleration
Explain your selection.
Question 6
10 Points
Add the same amount and size of rope’s pullers to each side. Click on “Go”.
a. Is the car moving? Explain the car behavior based on the First and Second Newton’s Laws.
Question 7
10 Points
Click on “Motion”
Check boxes: Forces, Values, Masses and Speed
Take a stopwatch.
a. Apply quickly a force of 500N over the box and measure with the stopwatch the time needed to reach the maximum velocity of 40 m/s. What was the time measured?
Add a second box over the first box.
Take a stopwatch.
b. Apply quickly a force of 500N over the boxes and measure with the stopwatch the time needed to reach the maximum velocity of 40 m/s. What was the time measured?
c. Explain the results of questions a, and b, based on the Second Newton’s Law.
Question 8
10 Points
Given that acceleration is equal to the quotient between the variation in velocity and the variation of time (a = ∆V∆t” class=”Wirisformula” role=”math” alt=”a space equals space fraction numerator increment V over denominator increment t end fraction” style=”-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 51px; display: inline; vertical-align: -21px; line-height: inherit; max-height: 31.25rem; width: 69px;”>), and based on question 7. Calculate the acceleration of the car carrying one and two boxes, using the values of time measured and velocity; such that the initial velocity was 0 m/s, and the final velocity was 40 m/s.
Question 9
10 Points
Click on “Friction”
Select the checkboxes: Forces, Sum of Forces, Values, Masses and Speed. Keep the knob that regulates the friction at the center of the scale.
Start to push the box, increasing the force applied on the box slowly. There is a force that is opposite to the force you are applying.
a. What is the name of the force opposing to the motion?
b. At what value of applied force the car started moving? Is this the magnitude of the force needed to overcome the force of friction?
Question 10
10 Points
To calculate the minimum external force needed to overcome the effect of the force of friction acting on an object that is at rest, the coefficient of friction to use is
the coefficient of static friction
the coefficient of kinetic friction
none of the above
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