Review the following information about these three fictional “archaeological cultures”. Answer the questions in a short essay of 500-700 words.
As you develop your argument for how to interpret these data/information make sure that any claims you make have solid reasons that are supported by evidence drawn from these data/information.
THE QUESTION:
What historical and cultural processes might offer an interpretation for the changes seen in the archaeological record? Identify at least two such processes.
Again, make sure to offer clear reasons for why each of those processes (those core claims at the center of your argument/interpretation of the data) could account for those changes. It is then important to detail how the characteristics of each culture (i.e. the information provided) serve as evidence for those reasons.
THE DATA/Information:
Archaeological Culture A has the following attributes:
Settlements of 7-10 permanent domestic structures
Agriculturalist with wheat as the dominant crop
Hunting wild game for a significant portion of dietary calories and ritual purposes
Use of red decorated and undecorated pottery
Grain storage in large buried jars
Absence of any weapons other than the bow for hunting
Cremation burials
Archaeological Culture B has the following attributes:
Settlements of up to 20 permanent domestic structures
Agriculturalist with wheat as the dominant crop
Significant evidence of animal husbandry (sheep and goats)
Use of red and brown undecorated pottery
Grain storage in clay lined pits
Bronze swords and use of the bow with arrows
Burials in stone lined chambers with mounded roofs often with lots of grave goods (some imported from distant places).
Archaeological Culture C has the following attributes:
Settlements of 10-15 permanent domestic structures
Agriculturalist with wheat and oats as the dominant crops
Minimal evidence of animal husbandry (sheep and goats) but significant hunting of wild game
Use of red undecorated pottery
Grain storage in stone enclosures
Bronze swords and bows
Inhumations (full body burials) with at least a few grave goods (only rarely imported from far away)
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