***This is a two part essay. I have included the sources you should use for each part***
Part 1 (1 page in length): Start with Powell, Packalen and Whittington’s account of the genesis of innovative regions. Concisely and accurately explain (in no more than a page) what they see as the key factors in generating innovative clusters, noting specifically why the specific components of their “recipe” are argued to be so critical.
The sources used for this question are “Powell et al..” and “Class 16 power point”
Part 2: Who or what is best placed to play a critical role in initiating effective innovation ecosystems? Starting with the OECD on national innovation systems, and continuing through the section on the US innovation system and effective innovation agencies (Block, Mazzucato, Whitford & Schrank, and then Breznitz & Ornston) the role of national governments in fostering innovation looms large. However, earlier readings (Seely Brown, Porter, Ferrary & Granovetter, and from earlier, Saxenien) tended to only mention government in passing, if at all. Concisely explain what you see as the two most persuasive reasons why the government-centered authors suggest that government is or has been well-placed to foster innovation and innovation ecosystems. Then make an argument about whether or not Powell et al would tend to agree with the government-centered arguments, or the emphases on non-governmental actors (like venture capitalists, universities and so on) as more
appropriate to serving as core actors or bridges in developing an innovative ecosystem. In short: if you were heading a city like Austin’s efforts to promote innovation, which actors would be most important to support, and why?
***Sources for this part are “OECD National..”, “Mazzucato Ch. 5”, “Block”, “Whitford and Shrank”, “Breznitz..”, “Ferrary and Granovetter”, and “Brown”
Try to include internal citations for as many sources as possible.
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